 m
Table
of Contents
1. Introductory
remarks
2.
Executive
Summary
3.
Peru:
Statistical Country Profile
4.
The
European Observation Mission (EOM)
5.
The
Political Framework
6.
The
Legal Framework of Peruvian Elections
i)
The Constitutional and Legislative Framework
ii)
Electoral rights and discriminations
iii)
The Structure of the Electoral Administration
iv)
Procedural provisions for the elections
v)
Media Laws and Regulations
7.
The
Pre-Election Phases
i)
Performance and co-ordination of the Electoral Agencies
ii)
Registration of Parties and Candidates
iii)
Voter and Civic Education
iv)
Media and the Elections
v)
The Election Campaign
vi)
The electoral observation by the European
Union Mission
vii)
Domestic Observation of the Electoral Process
8.
The
Events of the Election Days
i)
General impressions
ii)
Polling organisation and closing procedures
iii)
Vote Tally and Tabulation
iv)
Summary of observations by EU teams on election days
9.
Election
results and the Post-Electoral phases
i)
Contestations and Appeals
ii)
The General Elections of 8 April and 3 June: Results
10.
Conclusions
and Recommendations
11.
Annexes
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4. The European Observation Mission (EOM)
The European Union Election Observation Mission invited by the Peruvian authorities to observe the General elections of 2001, was composed by a Core Team of six persons who arrived in Peru the 23rd February.
Head of Mission, Mrs. Eva Zetterberg, Vice-President of the Swedish Parliament;
Mr. Bartolomé Clavero, from Spain, Deputy Head of Mission;
Mr. Ulrich Fanger, from Germany, Legal and Election Advisor;
Mr. Andrea Malnati, from Italy, Media and Research Advisor;
Mr. Adolfo Cayuso, from Spain, LTO Co-ordinator;
Mr. Scipion du Chatenet, from France, Security and Logistic Advisor.
Ten days after the arrival of the Core Team the Mission was supplemented by twelve Long Term Observers afterwards deployed to their inland destinations in the following administrative districts (departamentos):
The selected departments were Lima, Arequipa, Ayacucho, La Libertad, Loreto and Puno. Adjacent departments could be included if the situation so required. In this way, the departments of
Cajamarca and Lambayeque were partly included in the mission's regional sample.
Lima
Mr. Lars Tollemark (Sweden)
Mr. Richard Atwood (United Kingdom)
Arequipa
Mr. Nils Meyer (Germany)
Miss Delphine Blanchet (France)
Iquitos
Miss Sonia Franco (Spain)
Mr. Thomas Boserup (Denmark)
Apurimac, Cuzco and Puno
Miss Tiina Heino (Sweden)
Mr. M. Alonso-Majarangranzas (Spain)
Ayacucho
Mr. Pedro Lacunza (Spain)
Mr. Sikke Bruinsma (Holland)
Libertad and Lambayeque
Mr. Björne Folke (Sweden)
Mr. Jean F. Leloutre (France)
Twice, for nine days surrounding the two Election Days, the Mission was supplemented by the presence of a group of Short Term Observers. In addition, a delegation of twelve members of the European Parliament joined the Mission for the short-term observation during the days surrounding both electoral events:
Mr. John Corrie (United Kingdom)
Mr. Fernando Fernández Martín (Spain)
Mr. J. Javier Pomés Ruiz (Spain)
Mr. J. Ignacio Salafranca Sánchez-Neyra (Spain)
Mr. Toine Manders (Holland)
Mrs. Karin Junker (Germany)
Mr. Emilio Menéndez del Valle (Spain)
Mr. Jannis Sakellariou (Germany)
Mrs. Karin Scheele (Austria)
Mr. Joaquim Miranda (Portugal)
Mr. Francesco Speroni (Italy)
Mrs. Encarnación Redondo J. (Spain)
For the first round, the Mission deployed a total of 74 observers including the Core Team, the Long Term Observers, the Short Term Observers, the MEPs with their support staff, and an additional group of bilateral and volunteer observers. For the second round the Mission counted on 80 observers. Out of the 24 Peruvian administrative districts, the EOM showed its presence in sixteen departamentos with six teams of LTOs, the STOs and the Core Team participating.
After the arrival of the Long Term Observers, a briefing session was organised for them focusing on the Peruvian political situation, with specific emphasis upon the electoral process. Important representatives from the academic world and the electoral bodies acted as lecturers. The program was conceived to instruct the LTO as to their duties and responsibilities, about the observation topics and the way to transmit the information gathered to the Core Team. A subsequent evaluation of the seminar by the participants produced a largely satisfactory appraisal, so that the mission was encouraged to retain this format for the following briefing session for the STO and MEP contingents.
For each round the deployment of the STOs was done so as to coincide with the LTOs' areas of responsibility. A briefing in Lima was held for all STOs on the day after their arrival Peruvian electoral system. Once they reached their areas they received from the long-term observers, their direct supervisors, another briefing on more specific local issues, focusing on the specific situation in their department.
As to the designation of the areas of responsibility and the location of each team of two persons, the criteria chosen were the density of population, the geographical balance, the sensitivity of the area and the available logistical conditions in terms of transport security, etc.
For the second round, the observers were able to profit by the experience and familiarity with the areas gained during their prolonged stay. The Puno team was reassigned to cover the departments of Cuzco and Apurimac, with the purpose of extending the observation to other Andean environments.
Language skills and previous observation experience were applied in the selection and composition of the STO-teams during both electoral events.
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